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Populus deltoides
''Populus deltoides'', the eastern cottonwood, is a cottonwood poplar native to North America, growing throughout the eastern, central, and southwestern United States, the southernmost part of eastern Canada, and northeastern Mexico.〔Germplasm Resources Information Network: (''Populus deltoides'' )〕 It is a dicot.〔http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=pode3〕
==Description==
''Populus deltoides'' is a large tree growing to tall and with a trunk up to diameter, one of the largest North American hardwood trees. The bark is silvery-white, smooth or lightly fissured when young, becoming dark gray and deeply fissured on old trees. The twigs are grayish-yellow and stout, with large triangular leaf scars. The winter buds are slender, pointed, 1–2 cm long (.039–0.79 inches), yellowish brown, and resinous. It is one of the fastest growing trees in North America. In Mississippi River bottoms, height growth of 10–15 ft per year for a few years have been seen. Sustained height growth of 5 foot height growth and 1 inch diameter growth per year for 25 years is common.
The leaves are large, deltoid (triangular), long and broad with a truncated (flattened) base and a petiole long. The leaf is very coarsely toothed, the teeth are curved and gland tipped, and the petiole is flat; they are dark green in the summer and turn yellow in the fall (but many cottonwoods in dry locations drop their leaves early from the combination of drought and leaf rust, making their fall color dull or absent). Due to the flat stem of the leaf, the leaf has the tendency to shake from even the slightest breeze. This is one of the identifying characteristics.〔Barnes and Wagner, Michigan Trees, University of Michigan Press, 2004〕
It is dioecious, with the flowers (catkins) produced on single-sex trees in early spring. The male (pollen) catkins are reddish-purple and long; the female catkins are green, long at pollination, maturing long with several seed capsules in early summer, which split open to release the numerous small seeds attached to cotton-like strands.〔USGS Aquatic and Wetland Vascular Plants of the Northern Great Plains: A successful, simple, reproducible, high frequency micropropagation protocol has been described by Yadav Rakesh et al., 2009 () (''Populus deltoides'' )〕〔v-Plants (Chicago Herbarium): (''Populus deltoides'' )〕〔US Forest Service Silvics Manual: (''Populus deltoides'' )〕
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